Résultat
Low temperature of soil (cold soil)
Air pollutant
High temperature of soil surface
Freezing rain
Poor germination of seeds
Low fertilization
Flooding
Poor oxygenation of the nutrient solution (root asphyxiation)
Poor pollination
High storage temperature
High foliage transpiration
"Kent orangée"
Phyllody
Environmental stress / Management practice
Drought
High relative humidity
Winter desiccation
Weak vernalization
Weak hardening to winter
Poor oxygenation of water (root asphyxiation)
